{"id":11213,"date":"2018-06-01T16:02:09","date_gmt":"2018-06-01T23:02:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.avawomen.com\/?p=11213"},"modified":"2020-07-10T15:07:24","modified_gmt":"2020-07-10T22:07:24","slug":"fibroids-pregnancy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.avawomen.com\/avaworld\/fibroids-pregnancy\/","title":{"rendered":"How Fibroids Affect Getting Pregnant and Pregnancy"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You may worry about the effect of uterine fibroids on pregnancy. Some fibroids are worse for your fertility than others. Here we share everything you need to know about these common growths, including whether surgery to remove fibroids can improve your pregnancy chances or not.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What are fibroids?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fibroids are common, largely noncancerous growths. The growths vary greatly in size and location. The vast majority of fibroids appear in the uterus, but some also occur in the cervix.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You may have a single fibroid or many. A fibroid may remain tiny for a long time or swiftly balloon in size. If you go to the doctor for fibroids, you may hear them called by the medical names, myoma or leiomyoma.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fibroids may affect fertility and cause pregnancy complications. The good news is these growths are often symptomless and treatable. Still, in some instances, surgical treatment may make it <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.avawomen.com\/avaworld\/how-long-to-get-pregnant\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">harder to conceive<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> or carry a healthy pregnancy.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What are the types of fibroids?\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.reproductivefacts.org\/news-and-publications\/patient-fact-sheets-and-booklets\/documents\/fact-sheets-and-info-booklets\/fibroids-and-fertility\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">three main kinds<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of fibroids, which are classified based on where they\u2019re found:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">55% &#8211; Subserosal: In the outer uterine wall<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">40% &#8211; Intramural: In the muscular layers of the uterine wall\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">5% &#8211; Submucosal: Project into the uterus<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Submucosal fibroids and large intramural fibroids are most closely linked to infertility or <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.avawomen.com\/avaworld\/miscarriage-101\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">miscarriage<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Who gets fibroids?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fibroids occur in <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.reproductivefacts.org\/news-and-publications\/patient-fact-sheets-and-booklets\/documents\/fact-sheets-and-info-booklets\/fibroids-and-fertility\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">20% of women in their childbearing years, and 50%-80% of Black women<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of reproductive age. Black women tend to develop fibroids earlier, and their fibroids tend to be larger and more numerous, causing more severe symptoms.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Other factors also heighten the risk for uterine fibroids:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.avawomen.com\/avaworld\/chances-getting-pregnant\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Age<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Premenopausal women between the ages of 25 \u2013 44 are more likely to experience these growths, and the risk rises with age within this group.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">High blood pressure<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Family history<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Soy consumption<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Although it\u2019s not entirely clear why Black women are hit hardest by fibroids, research suggests that <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2020\/04\/15\/parenting\/fertility\/black-women-uterine-fibroids.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">stress, systemic racism, and barriers to obtaining quality healthcare<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> might play a role.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Black women experience a harmful phenomenon called <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpartnership.org\/our-work\/health\/reports\/black-womens-maternal-health.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">physical \u201cweathering\u201d<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that makes their bodies age faster than white women. Research suggests that weathering is due to prolonged exposure to stress linked to a lifetime of discrimination and socioeconomic disadvantage, thereby increasing their risk for pregnancy complications and maternal death. It isn\u2019t known if weathering somehow triggers the growth of fibroids.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What are the symptoms of fibroids?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fibroids may have the following symptoms:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Changes in menstruation (longer, heavier periods, and bleeding between periods)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Abdominal cramps<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Anemia (from blood loss)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pain in the lower back or abdomen (dull, heavy, aching, and sometimes sharp)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pain during sex<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Feeling of pressure<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Difficulty urinating or frequent urination<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Constipation, rectal pain, or difficulty moving your bowels<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A swollen abdomen that looks like you\u2019re pregnant<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Miscarriages<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Infertility<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">About half of fibroids are symptomless, so it\u2019s possible to have these growths without knowing it. Your doctor might discover fibroids during a routine pelvic or abdominal exam, but likely won\u2019t recommend treatment if the growths aren&#8217;t causing symptoms.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Can you get pregnant with fibroids?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Many women can get pregnant naturally even with fibroids. However, roughly 5-10% of infertile women have fibroids.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Whether <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.reproductivefacts.org\/news-and-publications\/patient-fact-sheets-and-booklets\/documents\/fact-sheets-and-info-booklets\/fibroids-and-fertility\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">fibroids affect fertility<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> hinges on the size and location of the growth. For example, submucosal fibroids, which can protrude into the uterine cavity, heighten the risk of infertility and pregnancy loss. Big intramural fibroids (&gt;6 cm in diameter) may have a similar result.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The number of fibroids also seems to harm fertility. A 2018 paper noted that women with 6 or more fibroids were significantly less likely to become pregnant than women with fewer fibroids.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you\u2019ve been diagnosed with fibroids, talk to your doctor about monitoring the development of the growths.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">How do fibroids cause infertility?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fibroids affect fertility by <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.reproductivefacts.org\/news-and-publications\/patient-fact-sheets-and-booklets\/documents\/fact-sheets-and-info-booklets\/fibroids-and-fertility\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">altering reproductive organs<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. This may happen when a fibroid:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Changes the shape of the uterus to interfere with the movement of the blastocyst or sperm<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Grows into the cervical canal, preventing sperm from reaching the uterus<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Blocks fallopian tubes\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Alters the endometrium<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Changes uterine blood flow to hamper implantation or development of the blastocyst<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Do fibroids cause miscarriage?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Women with asymptomatic fibroids had slightly more pregnancy losses (14% vs. 7.6%) in one small study, but a more sweeping investigation of more than 5,500 women didn\u2019t find <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.asrm.org\/globalassets\/asrm\/asrm-content\/news-and-publications\/practice-guidelines\/for-non-members\/removal_of_myomas_in_asymptomatic_patients_to_improve_infertlity_and-or_reduce_miscarriage_rate.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">higher rates of miscarriage<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> among pregnant women with fibroids.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Because fibroids range in size and location (and it\u2019s not uncommon to have multiple fibroids at a time), more research is needed to understand whether there\u2019s a clear <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.asrm.org\/globalassets\/asrm\/asrm-content\/news-and-publications\/practice-guidelines\/for-non-members\/removal_of_myomas_in_asymptomatic_patients_to_improve_infertlity_and-or_reduce_miscarriage_rate.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">link between fibroids and miscarriage<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, per the latest committee statement from the American Society of Reproductive Medicine.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What happens to fibroids during pregnancy?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Between 2% and 12% of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.reproductivefacts.org\/news-and-publications\/patient-fact-sheets-and-booklets\/documents\/fact-sheets-and-info-booklets\/fibroids-and-fertility\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">pregnant women have fibroids<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Fibroids that grow typically do so in the first 12 weeks of pregnancy, but not all fibroids grow or cause problems in a pregnancy.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fibroids that <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">do<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> affect pregnancy tend to either interfere with fetal development, affect the position of the fetus, or increase the risk of pregnancy complications, such as detachment of the placenta or preterm delivery. Fibroids also might increase the need for cesarean delivery.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Doctors rarely recommend surgical removal of fibroids during pregnancy. Any treatment that your provider may recommend will be based on your individual circumstances.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">How are fibroids treated?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are three main categories of treatment options for fibroids:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pain management: If the growths are minor, your doctor may recommend over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen or acetaminophen. It\u2019s important to know that if you\u2019re trying to conceive and need to manage pain, it is recommended to <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.avawomen.com\/avaworld\/avoid-during-implantation\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">avoid NSAIDs during implantation<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and use acetaminophen-based drugs like Tylenol instead.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hormone-based treatments: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.avawomen.com\/avaworld\/hormones-101\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hormonal<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> treatments, like the oral contraceptive pill or gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists, can shrink fibroids. However, these options can prevent conception.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Surgery: Depending on the severity of the fibroids, your doctor may recommend surgically removing them in a procedure called myomectomy. The surgery isn\u2019t always a lasting solution because fibroids can grow back. In extreme cases, your doctor may suggest a hysterectomy as a last resort for large growths after other treatments have failed. Hysterectomy is the surgical removal of the uterus, including the fibroids. After surgery, you can no longer become pregnant.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Can I get pregnant after myomectomy?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Whether you had just a single fibroid or several fibroids removed via myomectomy affects your fertility. Women who&#8217;ve had more than 6 fibroids surgically removed are <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29371170\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">less likely to conceive<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> than women who had fewer fibroids taken out. Nearly half of the women in one study who had more than 6 fibroids removed needed some form of reproductive assistance (Clomid, letrozole, IUI, or IVF) to get pregnant.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Myomectomy also appeared to elevate the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29371170\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">risk of preterm birth<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and that was true even among women who had fewer than 6 fibroids removed by myomectomy.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>You may worry about the effect of uterine fibroids on pregnancy. Some fibroids are worse [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10026,"featured_media":38151,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[772,775],"tags":[5136],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v17.3 (Yoast SEO v18.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How Fibroids Affect Getting Pregnant and Pregnancy<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Many women are able to get pregnant naturally even with fibroids. 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